Group Therapy
Therapy Group Types
Developed by Steven C. Hayes, Kelly Wilson, and Kirk Strosahl, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) was founded on the idea that most psychological distress is tied to “experiential avoidance”, which is an attempt or desire to suppress unwanted internal experiences, such as emotions, thoughts, or bodily sensations. ACT focuses on helping clients learn to observe, recognize, and accept a realistic perception of self while learning to manage thoughts that may exacerbate anxiety or problematic behaviors.
Overview of Group Therapy
According to the Linehan Institute, DBT was originally developed to treat chronically suicidal individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, DBT has been successfully integrated into the recovery process for eating disorders as well as a wide range of other mental health disorder including substance use disorders, mood disorders, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) . DBT helps clients develop the skills needed to regulate distress and find a balance between thoughts and emotions.
Clinicians use exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy to treat anxiety disorders by exposing clients to the feared object or circumstance in the absence of danger to desensitize fear and distress while reinforcing safety. ERP helps the brain re-conceptualize the threat by gradually increasing the exposure to the fear at mild to moderate levels while reinforcing safety through affirmation and experience.
For individuals suffering from an eating disorder, particularly bulimia or anorexia, ERP can help them overcome fears of consuming certain foods and can also assist with anxiety-provoking experiences like being weighed, grocery shopping, or looking at oneself in the mirror.
These experiential outings are led by a dietitian and allow for clients to practice normalizing eating while socializing out in public and implementing newfound nutrition knowledge and portioning skills in the real world. The grocery outings allow for clients to practice purchasing groceries, while assessing and processing any anxiety that may exist due to the pressures of shopping and being in large crowds. This allows clients to get out of the treatment setting and to test out the real world setting as they near the end of their treatment.
Mindfulness training involves helping clients develop awareness of what they’re experiencing in the moment, including thoughts, feelings, and the environment around them. It also includes the practice of accepting thoughts and emotions, and not passing judgment on the present. Mindfulness-based therapy can be helpful in learning how to manage external stressors that may trigger desires to find a quick relief through binge eating , restriction, purging , excessive exercise , self-harm, etc. Therapeutic techniques help each client learn to be more observant instead of reactive in the present moment.
This group offers a type of counseling that views people separately from their problems, allowing clients to gain distance from and perspective on their issues. This insight allows clients to see how their issues may be helping them or protecting them, more than they are hurting them.
REVIEWED BY
Kate Fisch, LCSW
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